Fisher Equation:
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The Fisher equation describes the relationship between nominal interest rates, real interest rates, and inflation. It's fundamental in economics and finance for understanding how inflation affects interest rates.
The calculator uses both the approximate and exact Fisher equations:
Where:
Explanation: The approximation works well for low rates, while the exact equation is always accurate.
Details: The Fisher equation helps investors understand their real returns after accounting for inflation, and guides central banks in monetary policy decisions.
Tips: Enter real interest rate and inflation rate as percentages. The calculator will show both the approximate and exact nominal rates.
Q1: When is the approximation valid?
A: The approximation works well when both real rate and inflation are below about 10%. For higher rates, use the exact equation.
Q2: What's the difference between nominal and real rates?
A: Nominal rate is what you see (e.g., bank rate). Real rate is nominal rate minus inflation - your true purchasing power gain.
Q3: Can nominal rates be lower than real rates?
A: Yes, when there's deflation (negative inflation), nominal rates can be lower than real rates.
Q4: How do central banks use this equation?
A: They set nominal rates based on desired real rates and inflation targets to manage economic growth.
Q5: Why do investors care about real rates?
A: Real rates show the actual increase in purchasing power, which is what ultimately matters for investments.